Overview of the Independent American Party

The Independent American Party is a minor Constitution-based party with limited influence, and is not to be confused with the large percentage of voters who consider themselves independents. The most recent electoral activity for the party was a 2012 US Senate race in New Mexico where the IAP candidate received just under 4% of the vote. That candidate, John Barrie, was also the founder of the New Mexico chapter of the American Independent Party. After formally registering the party, they were granted direct ballot access for two election cycles. After he lost the Senate race, Barrie left the NM-IAP and joined the similar Constitution Party, likely because the IAP would be unable to gain ballot access after the freebies. The party website currently directs potential candidates to register as write-in candidates if they live in the state of Utah. The partys Facebook page is dedicated to sharing news links about constitutional issues and has limited information on party-related events. The party likely attracts a number of curious visitors due to having independent in the name of their party. The National Chairman is Kelly Gneiting, a 5-time US champion sumo wrestler who also holds a Guinness World Record for being the heaviest man to finish a marathon. Mission Statement To promote: respect for life, liberty and property; strong traditional families; patriotism; and individual, state and national sovereignty — with a strong reliance on the Declaration of Independence and allegiance to the Constitution for the United States of America —by petition to God and by political and educational means. History Founded in 1998, the IAP is a Protestant Christian theocratic political party. It initially existed in several Western states and is a remnant of former Alabama Gov. George Wallaces once-powerful American Independent Party. Converting the unaffiliated IAP state party organizations into a national IAP organization was an effort started by members of Utah IAP. The Idaho IAP and Nevada IAP subsequently affiliated with the fledgling US-IAP in late 1998. The party subsequently established small chapters in 15 other states, and it now has contacts in every other state. Most of the IAP activities remain in Utah, however. In 1996 and 2000, the various IAP state parties endorsed the Constitution Party nominee for president and in 2000, the national chairman questioned the IAPs future in presidential elections. The party has focused its attention more on activism in the last eight years and has almost completely withdrawn from fielding local, state or federal candidates. Since 2002, the IAP has endorsed Constitution Party candidates and other conservative third party nominees. The IAPs platform calls for: The immediate termination of all programs of foreign aid, whether military or non-military, to all foreign governmentsImmediate withdrawal from the UN and NatoThe repeal of all federal gun legislation and state firearm laws which are not in accordance with the US ConstitutionStrong immigration reform including the repeal of amnesty laws and the prompt deportation of all illegal aliens and a clarification of the 14th Amendment that does not recognize the US citizenship of children born to illegal immigrants on US soilEnglish as America’s official languageThe passage of a balanced budget amendmentRaising tariffs on imported goods and a ban on all imported goods produced by child laborProtecting the ocean and fishing rightsEliminate regulations that artificially impede the production of domestic oil while enacting a transition to alternative fuelsProtecting the right to life for all US citizens, including the unbornPeople have the right to choose their health care providers and h ave quality health care and no one has the right to make decisions that result in the death of the patientOutlawing cloning and the development of genetic mutationsParents have the right to choose how their children are educatedRestoration of god to the public squareMarriage is a sacred union between a man and a woman only

Tribulations Of The Self (sociology) Essay - 1034 Words

What constitutes the tribulations of the self in contemporary society, according to Anthony Giddens? Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.This essay will seek an explanation of what constitutes the tribulations of the self according to Anthony Giddens (1991). In the first part of this paper, I discuss some central ways language has been viewed focusing the review on social constructivist writings as well as those stemming from the study of human development. In the second part of this paper, I discuss data that leads to the reconsideration of aspects of the language - selfhood interface. I conclude by suggesting some future avenues of research.First the essay will outline the various tribulations that Giddens describes in†¦show more content†¦This would cause anxiety and result in the withdrawal from certain experiences/ activities to maintain the ontology. The latter describing the sequestration of experience.One of the main threats to this is the notion of globalisation and everyone being caught up in it. Losing a sense of place and identity due to the change in lifestyle and other aspects feel beyond our control. This involves exposure to crisis situations. Giddens (1991, p 184) says that:a quot;crisisquot; exists whenever activities concerned with important goals in life of an individual or a collectivity suddenly appear inadequate. Crises in this sense become a quot;normalquot; part of life, but by definition can not be routinisedGiddens (1991, p 184) states that it is the crisis prone nature of late modernity that is causing may of the tribulations of the self and this creates a general uneasiness. As a result many will withdraw from society in order to preserve ontological security and contain some of the forms of anxiety (Giddens, 1991). Giddens (1991) finds a close link between the sequestration of experience, trust and the search for intimacy. He argues that trust vested in abstract systems that help with day to day security is not as valid as trust vested in persons, and that the latter provides the moral satisfaction. This leads us into Giddens analysis of the pure relationship and theShow MoreRelatedTribulations of the Self (Sociology) Essay1067 Words   |  5 PagescenterbWhat constitutes the tribulations of the self in contemporary society, according to Anthony Giddens? Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer./b/centerbrbrThis essay will seek an explanation of what constitutes the tribulations of the self according to Anthony Giddens (1991). In the first part of this paper, I discuss some central ways language has been viewed focusing the review on social construct ivist writings as well as those stemming from the study of human developmentRead MoreLiterary Scholarship And Criticism Of Shakespeare s The Invention Of The Human 1309 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough a range of individuals from different social constructs in order to contemplate the human condition. Hamlet: The Prince of Denmark is a hallmark example of Shakespeare’s contemplation of social tolerance and equity in the exploration of human sociology. In this play, we see the malignant ambition of newly throned King Claudius, the questionable decision-making of Queen Gertrude, and the emotionally-preying and encompassing force of murdered King Hamlet’s ghost, construct the grounds for contemplationRead MoreMartin Luther King, Jr. Essay933 Words   |  4 PagesAlberta Williams King, a school-teacher. He attended elementary school in Atlanta then joined Booker T. 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With application of sociology of novels the land is conferred with the protagonist Scarletts love for the Tara, the power of kinship, the slavery civilization of southern America and the spiritual world of human beings as well as the reliance on it for the modern American. Key words: land; Tara; sociology of novels; slavery civilization; spiritual world Contents Chapter 1 IntroductionÂ…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…3Read MoreThe Importance of Metaphor in Formulating Concepts and Perceptions in Philosophy4764 Words   |  19 Pagesï » ¿PHILOSOPHY THE IMPORTANCE OF METAPHOR IN FORMULATING CONCEPTS AND PERCEPTIONS Metaphor lives a covert living all over. We complete around six metaphors per minute. Metaphorical thoughts are significant on how we appreciate our own self and other people, how we correspond, be taught, discern and create. But metaphor is a manner of thinking before it is a manner with language. 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Marx suggests that human beings rely on religion when they are feeli ng alienated from theirRead MoreIrish American Drinking Habits in Literature and in Popular Culture: A Self-Defeating Cycle2247 Words   |  9 PagesRepresentations of Irish/Irish-American Drinking Habits in Literature and in Popular Culture: A Self-Defeating Cycle Introduction Stereotypes are not hard to come by in popular American culture, and truly in popular cultures the world over. Human beings seem programmed to make quick and superficial judgments about anyone who is or who simply appears to be different or other than oneself, equating race, ethnicity, skin color, and/or country of origin with a set of specific attitudes, valuesRead MoreMental Health Issues: What ´s Stigma? 3355 Words   |  13 Pagesincreases the reluctance of people with schizophrenia to seek help as schizophrenia was not recognised as an illness by the lay public. However, Wright et al (2011) believes that if young people revaluate the consequences of labelling in relation to self-stigma and how insignificant it can be through community educational initiatives as well as information about services and treatment (Schulze and Angermeyer, 2003) it could increase the help-seeking behaviour of young people. 2) Help Seeking Amongst

Essay on The Controversy Over HIV/AIDS Disclosure Law

Abstract Forty million people worldwide are infected with the HIV virus. About six percent of them will not inform their intimate partners about their health condition. Many efforts that have been made over the past decade towards establishing a HIV/AIDS law, have finally paid off. The act of disclosing the virus was written in 1990. It caused quite a stir among the citizens of the United States. Many people concluded that there were holes in the disclosure law concerning HIV/AIDS because it lacked complete thought. Some felt that if HIV positive people had to tell others about their condition, they would be more susceptible to discrimination and rejection. Essentially, it was a law that ended a few problems and then led to a massive†¦show more content†¦The California Department of Health Services had written a section of their California HIV/AIDS Law titled, â€Å"Exposing Another Person to HIV†. The fact that the infected individual has to be aware of their HIV status and i nform his/her partner is very blunt and straight forward; although, the third part of the law dealing with the intent to purposely infect a healthy individual HIV/AIDS Disclosure Law 2 remains obscure. In most situations it is difficult to know exactly what the suspect was thinking at the moment. This leads to an inconclusive verdict. A similar example was seen in the case of Kanengele-Yondjo in 2003. He was accused of spreading the HIV disease to two females without telling them that he was HIV positive. Rather than fifty years in jail, he was sentenced to fourteen years. The reason why the sentence was shorter than planned was because it was difficult to prove he had intentionally spread the disease, considering that he slept with several other women who did not get infected. (Wallace, 2004) Either way, there is no legislation which specifically makes knowing the possibility of spreading the disease, without the intention to do so, a crime. The purpose of the current law is for the health and safety of society, but the absence of minute details is a potential weapon that has caused an argument among people who are infected and those who are not. (Wallace, 2004) The HIV/AIDS Law also causes some controversial issues with today’sShow MoreRelatedSecurity Privacy Confidentiality of Health Information in the Philippines2076 Words   |  9 Pagestreatment or even outside of the treatment in regard to the life of men, which on no account one must spread abroad, I will keep myself holding such things shameful to be spoken about. Unfortunately, the Philippines does not currently have a specific law or act that pertains to SPC in healthcare. There are no SPC provisions in the Medical Act of 1959. Thrice in the Senate (by Dadivas, Cayetano, and Revilla), a Patient Bill of Rights was proposed, but none seem to have been passed. In the Magna CartaRead MoreVaccination Is The Organization Of Antigenic Material1083 Words   |  5 PagesVaccination is the organization of antigenic material (an immunization) to fortify an individual s resistant framework to create versatile safety to a pathogen. Over several years’ vaccination has helped us to eradicate several diseases and control many crucial diseases. This research paper generally deals with history of vaccine, their development and mechanism of vaccine, types of vaccine and why it is necessary. The procedure of vaccination was utilized by Chinese doctors as a part of the tenthRead More Mke-si-mume: Neocolonialism and Sexual Practice in Kenya Essay4007 Words   |  17 PagesPractice in Kenya The Republic of Kenya, voted one of the top five hottest tourist attractions in the world and labeled as one of the most promising and developing third world countries in Africa. This beautiful country has been a source of major controversy and debate as it takes a step into the 21st century. The topic of discussion that has sparked such great interest ranging from the President of Kenya up until the United Nations is the subject of homosexuality. At first I will talk about theRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility And Business Ethics8391 Words   |  34 PagesPGP31239 â€Æ' Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Acknowledgement 4 Business Ethics 5 Corporate Social Responsibilty 7 CSR Law 7 Crisis Management CSR 10 CSR Case Studies 12 CSR in developing nations 18 References 24 Citations 25 â€Æ' EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The paper addresses the concept of business ethics and law of Corporate Social Responsibility. The study of behaviour of the organisations should include how responsible it is towards theRead MoreNike Company Analysis Essay2938 Words   |  12 Pages2011), Nike is subject to income tax and a variety of other taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions (NCRR, 2012). With that said, Nike recognizes and complies with all tax laws and regulations governed above them. 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In this new eighth edition of International Management, we have taken care to retain the effective foundation gained from research and practice over the past decades. At the same time, we have fully incorporated important new and emerging developments that have changed what international managers are currently facing and likely to face in the coming years. Of special importance is that studentsRead MoreIndian Social Structure and Values Ethics in Business13564 Words   |  55 Pagesdifficult for the town administration to provide facilities for increasing population. Mumbai and Kolkata are two such examples of cities which have urban population growth beyond their c apacities to manage. This feature refers to over-urbanization. Closely related to over-urbanization of a town is a feature called sub-urbanization. When towns get overcrowded by population it may result in sub-urbanization. Delhi is a typical example where sub-urbanization trend is taking place around it. 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But when Donald Borwhat, Jr., took over as Senior Vice President of Human Resources, he and his staff began by restructuring and decentralizing the HR entity so that each functional area of the company has an HR manager assigned to it. The HR managers were expected to be key contributors

Power and Politics for Steve Jobs and Apple - 527 Words

For Jobs and even for Apple II, distribution was a resource. Both divisions with global sales team was scrambling to get help for it. Since it was central it can be called as scarce also. Jobs was looking at distribution system primarily to reduce cost structure of his Macintosh division. External market condition, rising cost, lower operating cost was uncertainly for Jobs and his division. The goal of central distribution system as a resource, under Donna, was ambiguous. Donna thought the goal of distribution system was to facilitate new product development by not causing delay in product delivery. For her cost was not a goal. She thought Apple was off-the-shelf business and hence needed to maintain inventory. However, Job’s thought on distribution system were different. For him cost structure of distribution system was not transparent and he viewed opportunity in cost saving at distribution system. This ambiguity over distribution system roles, created a framing problem and Jobs grabbed this opportunity to frame it as a cost problem in distribution strategy. When Jobs complained about cost in September 1984 distribution strategy then Donna and Weaver lacked empathy to understand Jobs concern. They did not worked with him to address the cost structure. Instead they showed surprise and defended themselves by showing their outstanding service record. This alienated Jobs and he was forced to look for solution elsewhere and consulted Fred Smith from Fedex who was familiarShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis Of Steve Jobs Leadership1224 Words   |  5 Pagesessay is to critically analyse Steve Jobs leadership style and power relations experienced within Apple under Jobs’ leadership. 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As the cofounder of Apple Computers and former CEO of Pixar Animation Studios, he revolutionized the computer and animation industries, amassing a fortune worth $10.2 billion at the time of his death.†(Hom , 2013) Jobs intuitively understood the power of cultural influence in sustaining the strategic capabilities implicit in his perpetualRead MoreThe Leadership Style Of Steve Jobs1717 Words   |  7 Pages Steve Jobs was a computer designer, executive and innovator, as well as an all-around role model for many people in both their businesses and their personal lives. As the cofounder of Apple Computers and former CEO of Pixar Animation Studios, he revolutionized the computer and animation industries, amassing a fortune worth $10.2 billi on at the time of his death. Jobs intuitively understood the power of cultural influence in sustaining the strategic capabilities implicit in his perpetual vision ofRead MoreThe Leadership Style Of Steve Jobs1426 Words   |  6 Pages Steve Jobs was a computer designer, executive and innovator, as well as an all-around role model for many people in both their businesses and their personal lives. As the cofounder of Apple Computers and former CEO of Pixar Animation Studios, he revolutionized the computer and animation industries, amassing a fortune worth $10.2 billion at the time of his death. 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Apple Inc. is globally renowned as one of the leading companies, especially for its specialization in the personal computers and consumer electronics industry. The company is most well-known for the iPod, a digital music player and Macintosh, a personal computer released in 1984. Co-founded by Steve Jobs in 1976, the company was named under Apple Computers Inc. and its initial product Apple IIe gained relative popularity and success. The release of the Macintosh revolutionized

Womens Day Free Essays

Women’s Day Women are not an asset, nor are they mere human beings – they are the pride of society. From raising the children through to educating our youth, they carry the largest burden of helping us in comprehending how important life is and why it should be preserved for the greater good of mankind. In Pakistan, we do not need to look any further – from our households through to our sociological development, they are the pillars upon whom we depend for our emotional and spiritual support, and even at times our economical, social and political fabric coherence. We will write a custom essay sample on Womens Day or any similar topic only for you Order Now From the youngest to the oldest, they are equivocal representatives of the brighter side of Pakistan. Kiran Khan, for instance, represented Pakistan in swimming on an international platform – the Commonwealth Games, and the 2008 Summer Olympics to name a few; Dr. Attiya Inayatullah and Mrs. Safia Ameen, who were prominent members of the Population Council and brought to the fore the importance of epidemiological analysis in Pakistan; Ms. Fatima Jinnah, who deserves an honorary mention in this regard for laying the foundation stone of the All Women Association; Mrs. Bilquis Edhi, wife of Abdul Sattar Edhi, is in her own right a testament to the Edhi Foundation. Her concentrated efforts in maintaining the humanitarian relief efforts for the people of Pakistan are at par with her husband and Pakistan is in debt to her patriotic passion for the nationalistic cause that she continues to pursue to this day; the numerous laureates of Pakistan are endless and deserve wreaths of praise for their contributions to Pakistan. That isn’t to say that they alone are representatives of our society. On a daily basis we see them strive to bring a shining image of Pakistan that has been earned through fair means and admirable efforts. Notable mentions include; Mrs. Fauzia Kasuri, who pioneered the concept of ‘international level higher education for the masses’ to noteworthy effect – with the advent of the Beaconhouse School System that, to this day, is the most diverse private school network that teaches Cambridge assorted GCEs to the masses; with the Educators providing an equal opportunity for the less affording stratum of Pakistan; Ms. Fatima Riaz, an undergraduate student of Ata-ur-Rehman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB) in National University of Science and Technology (NUST), who has instituted the start of a NUST-level society titled â€Å"Bioreach† – the prime objective being to ‘reach’ out to the general public and provide a ‘researcher’s contributions’ towards understanding diseases in Pakistan better and, furthermore, helping understand how they can be caused and avoided; to the numerous female students of Pakistan whom have represented Pakistan on numerous platforms – school, college, and university level – internationally and nationally; the mothers of children guiding them towards the right path; the elderly women whom have provided their undivided attention in providing advice and counselor support to our veterans in their time of need; they are the numerous ‘silent heroes’ whom have held our society’s fabric together since Pakistan’s inception. This article is a testament to the women of Pakistan, without whom Pakistan would hav e been different. We, the people of Pakistan, salute you for your untiring efforts and tip our hats in praise and support of your relentless pursuit of the national cause. And with this, we would like to conclude this dedication to you. How to cite Womens Day, Essay examples

Terrorism and Counterterrorism Strategy †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Terrorism and Counterterrorism Strategy. Answer: Introduction Terrorism means the destructive activities taken recourse to by a group of people to coerce a government to yield to their demands(Roy 2013). The term terrorism is associated with violent activities management band mass killings. Even though, there is no fixed definition of the word terrorism, almost every human being is aware of it and some have even experienced its horrific consequences. Terrorism is not an ideology like communism or capitalism. Rather, terrorism is a tactic a strategy used to achieve a specific end(Lemieux 2016). Terrorism is usually the act of instilling fear in people in order to show power, rage or is backed by the fulfillment of some sort of political, religious or ideological agenda. Terrorism is responsible for the killing of people in large numbers. The violence is aimed at creating fear in the targeted population and often provokes prompt and violent response from the state(Lemieux 2017). Therefore it is necessary to take strong precautionary measures to avoid as well as fight back extremist groups who try to create hue and cry. This leads to effective planning and making of strategies used to tackle terrorism. This is called counter terrorism. The act of preparation, planning, constructing and implementing strategies to control and combat the gruesome acts of terrorism is what is called as counter terrorism. Counter terrorism holds extreme importance as it not only a precautionary measure but a well thought out strategy that aims to prevent and combat terrorist groups when the situation gets out of hand. The first ever counter terrorism group was formed by Sir William Harcourt who was Home secretary at the time in British. This was back in 1880s when the Irish militant Fenians was carrying out a terror campaign resulting in extreme violence and deaths of innumerable innocent people. The idea was to infiltrate the Irish group and tackle the violent activities happening from inside. It was Harcourt who have the idea of undercover infiltration and the name of the unit form by him was later changed to Special branch as the group expanded and became more permanent management. The general role of the unit was to tackle terrorist groups by foreign subversion. This helped immensely in the governments knowing about the planning and strategies of the terrorist groups without the latter realizing it. From here on, under cover infiltration of organized crime became the norm and law enforcement agencies and government authoritative forming similar units in order to nip the violent extremism in the bud. Counter terrorism gained extreme importance in the late 20th century. This happened post the 9/11 attacks on world trade center in America. History tells us that nations fall or rise depending on the efficacy of their intelligence machinery and the quality of their counter-terrorism strategy(Raghavan 2012). The extreme loss of innocent lives and property, the unpreparedness of the government and the army was extremely shocking to one and all. Law enforcement agencies, post this event started investing a lot of their time, export and resources into the formation of such squads and units that could submerge foreign groups causing violence and be a step ahead. Such statistics increase the need for having counter terrorism systems. Planning Counter Terrorism Terrorists tend to employ shockingly violent acts, such as beheadings, downing of commercial airlines, bombings in public markets, and armed attacks in public places, to intimidate an audience(Sandler 2015). Effective and in-depth planning involving government authorities, military forces as well as private agencies are required for tackling and combating terrorism. There are a number of measures taken by the above mentioned organizations such as hiring intelligence, mass surveillance and reconnaissance. These activities take a huge amount of time and discretion and important to national security as well as the lives of millions of innocent people. Traditional means of implementing counter terrorism activities include increasing intelligence and domestic surveillance. This requires a large task force and recruiting a larger number of police officials and other standard police personnel than usual. In addition to this surveillance of communication is also done. This includes intercept ion of communication lines such as phone calls, emails, video calls etc. as well as tracing of important extremist head members which run their organizations. Almost every major terrorist attack on Western soil in the past fifteen years was committed by someone already on the governments radar for one or another reason(Granick 2017). Modern methods are slightly different and a little bit more reliable and efficient. These include expanding military as well as increase law enforcement operations. Counter terrorism is not an easy job. There are a number of challenges faces by law enforcement authorities which can make their job difficult. They may also hamper the operations the need to be carried and result in failed attempts upon discovery by the opposing groups. Counter-terrorism, to be effective, has to have a strong preventive elementthe aim being to stop an attack long before it is launched, and thereby to reduce the fear, as well as effects, of terrorism(White 2013). Below menti oned are a few of the major challenges that are faced by counter terrorism groups. Surveillance- This is the biggest issue faced by governors and law enforcement agencies. It has a number of parameters which determine the success and ability of government authorities on finding information on target groups management. A major concern with the development of mass surveillance tools is that they can be used by authoritarian regimes to suppress freedom of information and expression and track down political opponents(Kersley 2015). Mass surveillance means keeping an eye on a large group of people. This is a difficult job as it surveilling such a large number of people is not only very impractical but also requires an increase in the number of recruits that shall be surveilling these people. In addition to this, surveillance measures of such a scale are very often opposed by the general public as this obliterates their right to privacy. Therefore, surveillance is a major issue and a challenge for the government trying to get gold of individuals and groups who indulge th emselves in terrorist activities. The lack of transparency creates a fundamental distrust between the public and the national security as to how the surveillance system actually functions(Chan 2015). A lot of the time members of extremist groups have original identification credentials. Research has long demonstrated that there is no terrorist profile, predictive pathway or discernible process that leads one to commit violent acts(German 2016). This makes it even more difficult for the authorities to identify them. Preparation- Another challenge is intelligence. One never knows what information is true and what is false. It is extremely difficult to obtain reliable information one that can be acted upon immediately. Preparation is of utmost importance. There have been a number of terrorist activities in almost every country on the planet till date and the law enforcement authorities are more alert and prepared than ever. Even so, terrorists and extremist groups are able to have their way, take the lives of innocent people in huge numbers. It is extremely important to be alert and aware at all times. However, already present challenges due to surveillance issues make it even more difficult than it already is. Infiltration- Many times, the extremist groups who cause violence are often small close knit groups. Also, a lot of the times these group members are blood related and know everyone in the group personally. Therefore infiltration of these groups is extremely difficult. These groups do not tend to involve outsiders into their clan and are aware of the infiltration tactics that the government agencies now use. The United States continues to rely heavily on airstrikes and targeted killings, while terrorist groups continue to cause mayhem and gain adherents(Brooks 2015). In times like these, when the counter terrorism groups are faced with extreme challenges as the ones mentioned above, the only options left are communications interception and financial tracking of individuals and even these options remain limited and need to be handled with extreme discretion. Frustrated Foreign Fighters It has been seen in the past decades that there is an increase in the number of foreign fighters who return to their country countries causing threats. Foreign fighters have years of experience and hard core training in creating and tackling violence. Therefore, they have a very different mindset from the average human being. This poses a great threat to the national security. Many foreign fighters who go to war initially have very different intentions. However, therr have been innumerable cases where some of these have been captured and indoctrinated. These war heroes upon returning to their home countries can pose a great threat to the security of their own country. The governments are well aware of this and the foreign fighters become more and more frustrated dur to this. There are a number of things that can be done by the state in order to ensure peace upon return of foreign fighters to the home country. This can begin by keeping an eye on the foreign fighters, especially on soc ial media. Such individuals have a tendency of expressing their sympathies towards foreign countrie. How such surveillance needs to be done at a large scale. This requires a lot of resources on the part of the state and the nation. Additionally, such measures should be taken by ensuring proper discretion first. Although counter terrorism groups were built keeping in mind the need to control, tackle, combat and suppress any potential violent activities that may be impending, there have been a number of cases where the abuse of power evident. Certain politicians and government officials waste no time exploiting the tragedy for their own ends(Anonymous 2015). A number of cases where individuals have been confined to imprisonment, captured and beaten and accused of being involved in terrorist activities have also emerged. A lot if the times such imprisonment was conducted on the basis of the individual's race or religion with no other effective information about his or her factual involvement with the terrorism. A number of cases have emerged and been recorded as abuse of power while they were meant for the sole purpose of effective surveillance and collection of good intelligence. Capturing, imprisoning, beating and holding a person in solitary confinement for long hours without genuine inform ation of the involvement of the individual in any sort of crime is illegal. The ideal response is one that balances greater security on the one hand, while preserving civil liberties on the other(Wilkinson 2004). In 2003, in Malaysia counter terrorism laws were passed. These faced extreme opposition and protest by the human rights activists in the country. The laws were said to be very vague and breaching an individual's privacy rights. These laws allowed the government to hold alleged militants or accountable without fair trails. In the same year, in Syria Meher Agar who happened to be a Canadian-Syrian national reported publicly that he was captured and tortured illegally by the Syrian authorities. Another incident that happened in Columbia towards the end of the same year, allowed the military on Columbia to arrest civilians, tap cell phone communications and carry out house searches without any warrants. A large number of people who are allegedly having relations to or are involved in criminal activities of Taliban, Al Qaeda and many other such extremist groups , are captured and detained indefinitely without any warrants or official proceedings. Many such incidents have taken place in a number of different countries. While you getting terrorism is essential, and must be done, abusing ones power and taking away an individual's basic human rights is not only discouraged but also illegal. Human rights activist all over the world come together and put in a lot of effort to ensure such abuse of power is not done. They work to rescue individuals falsely acquitted of being involved in crimes they did not commit and people related to terrorists they are not related to. Europes human rights watchdog has issued a strong warning on the dangers of new mass surveillance counter-terrorism measures being adopted by governments in the aftermath of the Paris and Copenhagen terror attacks(Travis 2015). While counter terrorism is precautionary at best in its efforts to tackle terrorism, it does have a few cons that prove to be extremely wrong and intolerable in nature. Preparation Being prepared for an attack is the most important thing in planting a terrorist attack. Governments carry out regular drills to ensure military forces, civilians, police forces are all prepared to handle situations of extreme violence and distress. In addition to this, there are a number of other precautionary measures that can ensure the least possible damage to life and property. Below are discussed such measures in detail. Police forces and emergency response organizations including medical service providing organizations, hospitals and fire-fighters have extremely important roles in times of a violent terrorist attack. Civilians must be trained to not panic and call for immediate help. Regular drills and practice sessions can prove to be of great importance. These can help immensely at times of need. Every individual should be taught about the benefits of having a prepared emergency first aid kit. In addition to this, one must always remember contact numbers of police, hospitals and fire fighting agencies. Being prepared is the first step in fighting any sort of violent activity. Target hardening is another effective strategy use by the counter terrorism groups to ensure safety of targets. Target hardening essentially means taking steps to ensure safety of important buildings, people of whatever is it is that the opposing group aims to target. This can be done by a number of ways. One method is to limit the access of vehicles to close to a building. This removes the possibility of damage to an important building as well as the people inside by an intended truck or car explosion. Another method involves planning of building layouts in such a manner that they have easily accessible fire exits, and can be evacuate by a large number of people easily in a short period of time In airplanes nowadays, especially after the 911 attack, the cockpits have reinforced doors that can only be unlocked by the pilots. Railways stations in the United Kingdom and Scotland got rid of their dustbins as they proved to be convenient locations for hiding bombs. In Massachusetts, the Bay Transportation authority installed barriers that were bomb resistant as a precautionary measure. Authorities must also keep in mind that large factories and industries dealing with chemicals can be easy targets. Also chemicals can be stolen are used to make bombs very easily. Chemicals used in industries require greater amount of protection than they currently do. Command and control centers are required handling such incidents that may involve violence at a large scale. National response teams and local response teams must be formed and prepared at all times to ensure safety and protection of life and property. Mitigating damage is also of great importance. Fire fighters, hospitals, police forces and local response teams must be trained and regular drills should be conducted to keep all trams ready in situation of an attack. Such bodies are also best suited for handling the impact if a violent incident. In the event of an attack, it is the responsibility of the local police to handle large crowds. They must isolate and evacuate the affected area immediately reducing the damage. Hospitals have emergency rooms which must be equipped with handling effected people and treating them accordingly. Fire fighters have a very important role in controlling explosions and fires in an affect3d building. Helping in evacuating the effected buildings is one of their major roles. Many countries have invested a large amount of their money and resources into building tactical forces and units which are specially trained in handling violent attacks by terrorists. These task forces have intense trainings which involve preparation and mitigation practices in times of attacks. These special task forces are highlight trained in direct engagement with terrorists. They specialize in rescue operations and combating further terrorist attacks. The majority acts of terrorism are handles by a Country's national and state level forces. However, Special Forces are also required when the attack is lethal and a great amount of risk is involved. Designing counter terrorism systems As technology has evolved manifolds over the years, terrorist attacks have become more and more advanced and difficult to recognize. Therefore, building anti terrorism attacks is not only essential but shall help in prevention of large scale violent crimes effectively. Developing such systems needs a vast amount of knowledge, resources and time. It has been implemented despite ongoing confusions about costs, what metadata actually is, and whether the telecommunications sector is ready to retain and encrypt this data(Baldino 2015). Anti terrorism systems need to take into account a number of very complicated factors such as controlling large crowds, managing vast borders of a country, technological advances that can be used by terrorists, managing high traffic and high population areas. Such systems need highly advance technological innovation capable of storing analyzing and interpreting large amounts of data. The biggest challenge for building of such a system is the level of uncertainty. Terrorists usually target areas that have a large population so the impact can be maximized. However, building such a system that can recognize imminent threats all over r the world can be an extremely daunting task. Moreover shall also not be very cost effective. Meaning not every city may be able to afford such a system. Also, a system can be hacked, and manipulated by anyone. Therefore there are always such limitations when it comes to the use of technology. Conclusion Terrorism is a grave issue in today's world. It leads to the loss of lives of millions. It creates havoc and instills a sense of fear amongst the general population. Numerous acts of terrorism over the ages have forced governments and law enforcement systems to come up measures to control and combat terrorism. This has led to the invention of counter terrorism. Counter terrorism involves activities relating to combating, suppressing, tackling and handling any violent activities that may harm innocent people and be a threat to national security or the pop7of a country in general. A number of steps have been taken by governments to keep the public and task forces such as police, army etc prepared for times of attacks. These include mass surveillance of public places especially those that have a high population. These also include forming Special Forces that are trained to combat violent criminal attacks by terrorists. Counter attacking terrorists and suppressing all such activities that prove to be harmful to the public are laid emphasis on. Even so, there are a number of challenges that are faced by counter terrorism systems. Mass surveillance is not only extremely expensive but also violates privacy rights of individuals. Thus, protests against surveillance systems are ongoing and are a major limitation for such systems that need to collect information that may prove to be essential in terrorist attacks. Apart from that, there are a number of other challenges faces by counter terrorism systems. Every country in today's world is investing a huge amount of resources and money in forming Special Forces that are trained to deal with terrorism, its impacts and repercussions. With advancements in technologies, terrorist are also becoming more and more aware and using advanced methods of technology to create more havoc. Therefore, in today's world it is imperative to have counter terrorism systems to prevent and mitigate the effects of terrorism. References Anonymous 2015, Mass Surveillance Isnt the Answer to Fighting Terrorism, viewed 7 october 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/18/opinion/mass-surveillance-isnt-the-answer-to-fighting-terrorism.html. Baldino, D 2015, The security benefits of warrantless surveillance are as clear as mud, viewed 6 october 2017, https://theconversation.com/the-security-benefits-of-warrantless-surveillance-are-as-clear-as-mud-49278. Brooks, R 2015, U.S. Counterterrorism Strategy Is the Definition of Insanity, viewed 7 october 2017, https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/06/24/u-s-counterterrorism-strategy-is-the-definition-of-insanity/. Chan, R 2015, Mass Surveillance for Counter Terrorism: Are our Private Lives Compromised?, viewed 6 october 2017, https://www.mironline.ca/mass-surveillance-for-counter-terrorism-are-our-private-lives-compromised/. FRIEDMAN, U 2016, Is Terrorism Getting Worse?, viewed 5 october 2017, https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2016/07/terrorism-isis-global-america/490352/. German, M 2016, Counter Terror Smarter, viewed 6 october 2017, https://www.usnews.com/opinion/world-report/articles/2016-10-26/4-counterterrorism-strategies-the-us-must-abandon. Granick, J 2017, Mass Spying Isnt Just IntrusiveIts Ineffective, viewed 8 october 2017, https://www.wired.com/2017/03/mass-spying-isnt-just-intrusive-ineffective/. Kersley, E 2015, BEYOND PRIVACY: THE COSTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF MASS SURVEILLANCE, viewed 7 october 2017, https://sustainablesecurity.org/2015/09/04/beyond-privacy-the-costs-and-consequences-of-mass-surveillance/. Lemieux, F 2016, What Is Terrorism, and Is it Getting Worse?, viewed 6 october 2017, https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-09-20/what-is-terrorism-and-is-it-getting-worse. Lemieux, F 2017, What is terrorism? What do terrorists want?, viewed 5 october 2017, https://theconversation.com/what-is-terrorism-what-do-terrorists-want-78228. Raghavan, RK 2012, Counter-terrorism strategy, viewed 7 october 2017, https://www.thehindu.com/books/counterterrorism-strategy/article2938912.ece. Roy, A 2013, Short Article on Terrorism, viewed 7 october 2017, https://www.importantindia.com/2446/short-article-on-terrorism/. Sandler, T 2015, 'Terrorism and counterterrorism: an overview', Oxford Economic Papers, vol 67, no. 1, pp. 1-20. Travis, A 2015, Mass surveillance warning after European terror attacks, viewed 8 october 2017, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/feb/18/human-rights-mass-surveillance-paris-copenhagen-terror-attacks-privacy. White, ND 2013, 'Preventive Counter-terrorism and International Law', Journal of Conflict and Security Law, vol 18, no. 2, pp. 181192. Wilkinson, P 2004, 'Counter-Terrorist Measures and their Impact', The Journal of Conflicted Studies, vol 24, no. 1, pp. 1922-2000.

Marketing free essay sample

Looking forward, were making historic advances in (Ramp;D) research and development of our overall semiconductor line, including flash memory and non-memory, custom semiconductors, DRAM and SRAM, as well as producing best-in-class LCDs, mobile phones, digital appliances, and more. 1bInformation of Samsung Product The Samsung Galaxy Note II is easily among the most powerful handsets in the US market at the moment. The presence of Android 4. 1 Jelly Bean on board makes the device part of a really privileged club of gadgets, booting the latest version of the Google mobile OS. Its simple! We just need to create a product that a particularly group of people want, put it on sale some place that those same people visit regularly, and price it at a level which matches the value they feel they get out of it; and do all that at a time they want to buy. Theres a lot of truth in this idea. Research Problem: The problem defines in below mentioned research questions. Question 1: How do Pakistani consumers perceive Celebrity endorsed advertisements as compared to non-celebrity advertisements? Question 2: Do the attributes from the literature review impact the consumer purchase intentions to buy a product when celebrities are used as endorsers? Question 3: How do celebrities impact the consumer purchase intention when are used as endorsers? Question 4: What is the impact of a single celebrity endorsed in multiple brand advertisement Scope of Study Objective: We are trying to find the relationship between consumer perceived value by celebrity endorsement in advertisements as compared to non-celebrity advertisements, impact of consumer purchase intentions Major part is if one celebrity in endorsed by different brand so what impact on consumer mind, perceived value Our objectives are to extract the exact result of the personality’s endorsement on the product sales and the variation of the consumer buying behavior of the product. The second objective is to understand which big-shots in the industry have successfully understood this phenomenon and amended their advertisement skills to tone themselves with the present market condition, and which of the unfortunates haven’t been able to match themselves with the trend and where they lack behind Literature Review: Marketers are developing strategies using various appeals including sexual, emotional, humor . The motive behind formulating such strategies is to gain high brand exposure, attention, interest, desire and action. In order to do this, marketers employ well known and famous personalities in other word celebrities. Many big brands have recognized the importance of celebrity endorsements as marketing communication tool. Celebrity Endorsements is a billion dollar industry in today‘s era. it shows that celebrities play an important role in the advertising industry. Celebrity endorsement has become a common practice in order to differentiate the product from other competing brands in a highly competitive. Classical Conditioning Paradigm in Marketing Communications Context Problem Statement: The problem we are dealing with here is to help the FMCGs industry to find out the consequences of celebrity endorsement on the buying behavior of the people at students level. As a researcher, the client problem has to be resolved efficiently and an unbiased and fair result has to be concluded regarding the problem mentioned above. Hypothesis: We believe that celebrity endorsement has a massive affect on the consumer decision making in the buying process Research design: We would design the research as an exploratory research. Since we wish to gain more of the consumer’s view on the topic, therefore we would engage qualitative research and align quantitative research along-side. Questionnaires would be the main source of gathering information. But if needed we would also conduct focus group for further detailed information. Dependent Variable: Purchase Intentions Independent Variables: Trust Worthiness Similarity Likeability Meaning transfer Celebrity Target audience Celebrity Associates Values Model: Methodology: A quantitative method is used for this research project to investigate the perceptions of the consumer, attributes and its subsequent impact on purchase intention. The data is collected through a questionnaire and later analyzed using the data analysis software SPSS Bibliography:  ·Chaiken, S. , (1979). Communicator Physical Attractiveness and Persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 137, August pp. 1387-139  ·Choi, S. M. and Rifon, J. N. , (2007), Who is the Celebrity in Advertising? Understanding Dimensions of Celebrity Image? , Journal of Popular Culture, Blackwell Publishing, Inc. , Vol. 40, No. 2. 04-325  ·Churchill, G. A. Jr. , (1995). Marketing research, methodological foundations, the drydeu press, G. edition, Newyork, USA  ·Cohen, J. B. and Golden, E. , (1972), Informational Social Influence and Product Evaluation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 56, February, pp. 54-59  ·Cooper, D. R. and Schindler, S. , (2003). Business research methods, 8th Int. Ed. , Boston: McGraw-Hill.  ·Cooper, D. R. and Schindler, P. S. , (2008). Business Research Methods. McGraw Hill Higher Education; 10th edition  ·Cooper, M. , (1984). Can Celebrities Really Sell Products Marketing and Media Decisions, September, pp. 64, 65 and 120. Creswell, J. W. , (2003). ?Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches?. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage.  ·Creswell, J. W. , (2009). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches, Sage Publications, 3rd edition.  ·Crimp, M. and Wright, L. T. , (1995). The marketing research process, 4th edition, Prentice Hall, London.  ·Croft, R. , Dean, D. , and Kitchen, P. J. , (1996). Word-of-Mouth Communication: Breath of Life or Kiss of Death? In: The Proceedings of the Marketing Education Group Conference, Glasgow: The Department of Marketing, University of Strathclyde.  ·Dean, D. H and Biswas, A. , (2001). Third-party organization endorsement of products: an advertising cue affecting consumer pre-purchase evaluation of goods and services. Journal of Advertising, Vol. 30, Issue. 4, pp. 41-57.  ·Easterby-Smith, M. , Thorpe, R. Lowe, A. (2009), Management Research 3rd edition, London: Sage  ·Endorgan, B. Z. , (1999). Celebrity Endorsement: A literature review. Journal of marketing management, 15, 291-314.  ·Endorgan,  ·Flick, U. , (2002). An introduction to qualitative research. London: Sage.  ·Fowles, J. , (1996). Advertising and Popular Culture, London: Sage Publication Ltd.  ·Friedman, H. Termini, S. and Washington, R. (1977). The Effectiveness of Advertisements Utilizing Four Types of Endorsers. Journal of Advertising, 6, 22-24.  ·Friedman, H. H. and Friedman, L. , (1978). Does the Celebrity Endorsers Image Spill Over the Product? Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 6 (Fall), 291 299.  ·Friedman, H. H. and Friedman, L. , (1979). En dorser Effectiveness by Product type. Journal of Advertising Research, 19(5), 67-71.  ·Friedman, H. H. , Termini, S. , and Washington, R. (1976). The Effectiveness of Advertisements Utilising Four Type of Endorsers. Journal of Advertising, 6, Summer, pp. 22-24.